Efficient optimization of flat-top patterns using genetic algorithm for the deep space detection application

The optimization of a flat-top pattern of planar 2-D array antenna is proposed in this paper. The shaped-beam planar array is employed to be an element of very large array for the deep space detection. A conventional genetic algorithm is chosen for the optimization. However, the synthesis of a flat-top shaped beam using a planar 2-D array is difficult because of the inherently large number of degrees of freedom involved in the algorithm (in generally, the amplitude and phase of each element must be determined). Therefore, a sub-array rotation method, which lies on the flat-top pattern synthesis itself, is proposed in this study to resolve the design problem. A 10times10 (100) element array is employed, and the results of the optimized flat-top pattern are shown to illustrate the validity and high efficiency of the technique.