Title :
On-line recognition handwritten mathematical symbols
Author :
Zhao Xuejin ; Xinyu, Liu ; Shengling, Zheng ; Baochang, Pan ; Tang, Yuan Y.
Author_Institution :
Chongqing Univ., China
Abstract :
The paper aims at online recognition of handwritten mathematical symbols. It analyses the structures of 94 opt used mathematical symbols and concludes that all of them consist of 10 basic elements. It proposes a new method of basic element ordering and reduces the number of standard symbols by extracting three primary features of mathematical symbols, namely, basic element vector, relative positions between basic elements and basic element length vector. The traditional dynamic programming method is improved by means of classifying roughly 94 mathematical symbols, considering matching and unmatching value, adding geometric restraints and solving matching problem, through improved Kohn-Munkres algorithm. Correctness rate reaches 90.52%, incorrectness rate 5.03% and refusal rate 4.45%
Keywords :
dynamic programming; handwriting recognition; image matching; mathematics; mathematics computing; optical character recognition; basic element length vector; basic element ordering; basic element vector; correctness rate; dynamic programming method; geometric restraints; improved Kohn-Munkres algorithm; incorrectness rate; matching value; online handwritten mathematical symbol recognition; refusal rate; relative positions; standard symbols; unmatching value; Dynamic programming; Feature extraction; Handwriting recognition; Joining processes; Keyboards; Machine intelligence; Mathematics; Pattern recognition; Tail; Writing;
Conference_Titel :
Document Analysis and Recognition, 1997., Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on
Conference_Location :
Ulm
Print_ISBN :
0-8186-7898-4
DOI :
10.1109/ICDAR.1997.620585
