Cavity solitons in a broad-area vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with frequency-selective feedback

In this paper, the authors observed spatial shifting of the CS with increasing and decreasing current, which we attribute to a varying phase gradient, due to a slight tilt of the optical beam re-entering the VCSEL cavity if the frequency does not correspond exactly to the Littrow frequency. Finally, we studied the temporal dynamics of the CS switch-on and switch-off, to understand further the main underlying physical mechanisms. Preliminary investigations indicate the existence of strong pulsations with the external cavity-round-trip time or harmonics during the transient.