Integration of the optimal power flow into generation control and dispatch

A close interaction of automatic generation control (AGC), reserve monitor (RM), and economic dispatch (ED) is prerequisite of economic and reliable operation. In power systems where network limitations frequently constrain pure economic dispatch an integration of optimal power flow (OPF) is necessary. The primary practical requirements are best met by applying a general purpose OPF package using a full AC network model and unit models originating from the generation control and dispatch subsystem, including piecewise quadratic cost curves. The authors describe a closed-loop OPF based on a general-purpose, nonspecialized OPF package. All functions described form an integrated part of an EMS package