Building penetration loss modelling for satellite services at L-, S- and C-band

This paper presents building penetration loss models at L-, S- and C-band that were derived from experimental data obtained during an extensive measurement campaign held in Prague during the years 2009 and 2010. After a brief introduction of the campaign and the data processing, the derived penetration loss models are presented in detail. These models are valid for common satellite-to-indoor scenarios in a typical urban area and unmodulated left-handed circularly polarized continuous wave signals. To validate the derived models, a comparison with selected relevant existing models is also provided.