Exploitation of coarse grid for electromagnetic optimization

Direct, optimization-driven electromagnetic design is studied. Focusing upon a double folded stub microstrip filter, we explore design characteristics for coarse grids. EM models: coarse grid (EMC) for fast computations and the corresponding fine grid (EMF) for more accurate simulations are compared. The EMC model,useful when circuit-theoretic models may not be readily available, permits rapid exploration of different starting points, solution robustness, local minima, parameter sensitivities, yield-driven design, and other design characteristics within a practical time frame.<>