Numerical computation of the L-band emission and scattering of soil layers with consideration of moisture and temperature gradients

In the context of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity mission, we present a study of the emission of rough surfaces at 1.4 GHz and the effects of moisture and temperature gradients. A new approach for the calculation of rough surface scattering and emission at L-band has been validated for the case of scattering from rough surfaces of Gaussian autocorrelation function. This approach relies on the use of ANSYS´s numerical computation software HFSS, which in turn solves Maxwell´s equations using the Finite Element Method. The interest of this approach is that it can be extended to calculate the emission and scattering of complicated multilayer media. In this paper we present the work we done to use FEM method to compute thermal effects and water infiltration effects in ground. We firstly present the effects of water infiltration in ground then we present results of computations on soils partially or completely frozen.