Implementation of ESPAR concept to a shared aperture antenna

A novel adaptive antenna of which aperture is consisted of the vehicular rear defogger has been proposed in this paper. Rear defogger is used as an antenna and several ports have been provided. The positions of the ports have been found so as to lower the spatial correlation coefficients and to enhance the mean effective gain considering the VSWR. In order to apply the antenna for the adaptive antenna, one port is used for the output port while the others are connected with the variable reactance. Adaptive beam is formed by maximizing the correlation coefficients between the reference and the received signal through the downhill simplex method.