Diversity Techniques with Dipole Antennas in Indoor Multipath Propagation

In this paper, we investigate the correlation coefficient and the diversity gains of two parallel dipole antennas in various configurations. The correlation coefficient in an indoor environment is first computed from the 3D farfield radiation patterns of each antenna; then, it is measured inside a mode stirred reverberation chamber used as a model of indoor multipath. The diversity gains for switch combining and maximum ratio combining versus the dipole separation are derived from the measurements. Depending on the dipoles separation, three types of diversity techniques are defined: space, pattern and phase diversity. At large distances, the correlation coefficient is highly controlled by the space factor, but when the antennas are approached (up to 0.05 wavelength), phase diversity is the most dominant factor which greatly reduces the correlation coefficient and allows an efficient diversity