Energy-Efficient Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks Using the Virtual Field Force

This paper proposes a novel technique that addresses the energy efficiency and the sensing coverage for clustering algorithms in wireless sensor networks. The proposed technique applies the Virtual Field Force method on each cluster within the network in order to determine the proper locations of the sensor nodes that enhance the sensing coverage and reduce the communication cost. This algorithm was evaluated by applying it to the LEACH clustering protocol. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm enhances the sensing coverage by up to 25% and the network lifetime by up to 45%.