Adaptive blind equalization and tracking of fading channels using antenna arrays

An adaptive blind equalisation and tracking technique is developed in this paper that provides robustness against frequency offset and the time-varying Doppler spread. Without requiring training signals, the proposed approach combines the blind sequence estimation method and an estimate-maximization (EM) approach for the adaptive joint estimation of information sequence and frequency offset. Using antenna arrays, the proposed scheme exploits important spatial diversity. It also has a structure that is attractive for adaptive implementation