Integration of individual DC/DC converters in a renewable energy distributed architecture

The new generations of photovoltaic systems are clearly oriented nowadays on the multi-point conversion, based on a parallel high voltage DC bus, with photovoltaic panels owner of their individual Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) connected to an integrated DC-DC converter or DC/AC inverter managing a global Maximum Power Point. In this paper, on the basic of a standard individual DC/DC converter, we describe such a system and the various constrains that this multi-generator parallel or distributed architecture imposes to the shape of the power to voltage (P-V) characteristic at the output of the individual DC/DC converter. Finally, we present a complete solution to connect a numerous photovoltaic panels technologies (amorphous, poly-, mono-crystalline cells) but also wind turbines working in a simple or mixed architecture with an optimal efficiency together on a single HVDC bus considered as the first stage of an inverter connected to a grid.