Improving digital halftones by exploiting visual system properties

The visibility of quantization noise in digital halftones can be predicted from psychological data on spatial and temporal contrast sensitivity. Simple models of the visual system can be incorporated into halftoning algorithms to minimize the visibility of the resulting artifacts. Filter-based algorithms may be customized to match the error filter to human contrast sensitivity under known viewing conditions. The relative insensitivity of the visual system to high frequency chromatic modulation allows visible luminance noise to be reduced at the expense of additional (but invisible!) chromatic noise. The techniques are easily extended to three dimensions for displays which can be modulated in time such as CRTs and flat panel displays