Adaptive solutions for distance relay settings

Protection system is one of the important parts of the power system. The protection system can be accepted if and only if it is efficient one and realize some requirements. For Protection of transmission line three stepped distance protection can provide remote backup protection to transmission line by zone 2 and zone 3, but during the calculation of operation setting for different protection zones of the distance relays, some problems have been raised. These problems causes cascading trips in the network, which could further lead to a wide spread blackout. In this paper an attempt is made to present certain problems associated with improper zone settings of distance relay. Further the advanced adaptive methods for distance relays are proposed and certain solutions are presented to overcome the problems associated with conventional relay setting.