The concept of resistance interval: a new parametric model for realistic resistive bridging fault

From circuit measurement, it has been demonstrated that actual bridging faults have an intrinsic resistance mainly in the range from 0 Ω to 500 Ω. This paper first analyses the consequences of this resistance on the electrical and logic behavior of bridging faults. Second, it is demonstrated that the classical models such as the voting model which consider the resistance as negligible, do not accurately and realistically represent the behavior of the fault. Third, a new parametric bridging fault model is proposed allowing to realistically represent the faulty behavior according to the intrinsic resistance which is not known a priori. Finally, a parametric bridging fault simulation algorithm is described together with some redefinition of the classical concepts of fault detection and fault coverage