Location Determination with Four Elements Antenna Using Matrix Pencil Method

A 3D location determination method using only four elements antenna is proposed. A group of frequencies is received from the transmitter (on mobile phone) or returned signals (Radar). The matrix pencil method is used to identify the length of each path. Depending on the geometrical distribution of the four elements, the phase shifts are determined for each path. Knowing the phase shift between the elements helps to find the direction of arrival for each path. Small dipole or small circular loop antennas are used in the numerical examples to clarify this method in the presence of noise.