Innovative quantum technologies for microgravity fundamental physics and biological research

The many advanced technology requirements dictated by the demanding low-Earth orbit research environment can only be satisfied through the adaptation of innovative methods and technologies. The fundamental physics research program currently supports research in four areas: gravitational and relativistic physics, laser cooling and atomic physics, low temperature and condensed matter physics, and biological physics. The microgravity fundamental physics is one of the science disciplines within the new NASA Office of Biological and Physical Sciences Research, where quantum technology plays a major role. Quantum technology, based on controlled manipulation of fundamentally quantum processes of atoms, molecules, or soft matter, enables novel and significantly extended capabilities. This paper presents a new technology program, within the fundamental physics, focusing on four quantum technology areas: quantum atomics, quantum optics, space superconductivity and quantum sensor technology, and quantum fluid based sensor and modeling technology.