Multi-path interference noise in multi-span transmission links using lumped Raman amplifiers

Author

Burtsev, S. ; Pelouch, W. ; Gavrilovic, P.

Author_Institution

Xtera Commun. Inc., Allen, TX, USA

fYear

2002

fDate

17-22 Mar 2002

Firstpage

120

Lastpage

122

Abstract

The MPI noise was experimentally evaluated, using a calibrated electrical spectrum analyzer, in single- and double-stage lumped Raman amplifiers as well as a 5-span optical transmission link using a cascade of 6 double-stage amplifiers. The experimental procedure was calibrated against a source with known MPI levels. Our experimental and theoretical results for MPI cross-talk agree well in a broad range of Raman net gain values from 2 dB to 26 dB per amplifier. We showed that for a 10-span system with 11 lumped Raman amplifiers and an average span loss of 23 dB, the MPI system penalty was only 0.5 dB₂₀Q. These results indicate that MPI does not constitute an impairment for carefully designed Raman amplifiers.

Keywords

Raman lasers; calibration; laser noise; optical crosstalk; optical fibre amplifiers; optical fibre networks; spectral analysers; 23 dB; MPI cross-talk; MPI levels; MPI noise; MPI system penalty; average span loss; calibrated; calibrated electrical spectrum analyzer; double-stage amplifiers; double-stage lumped Raman amplifiers; lumped Raman amplifiers; multi-path interference noise; multi-span transmission links; single-stage lumped Raman amplifiers; Bandwidth; Interference; Noise measurement; Optical filters; Optical noise; Optical receivers; Optical signal processing; Q factor; Signal to noise ratio; Stimulated emission;

fLanguage

English

Publisher

ieee

Conference_Titel

Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit, 2002. OFC 2002

Print_ISBN

1-55752-701-6

Type

conf

DOI

10.1109/OFC.2002.1036247

Filename

1036247