Finite Element Modeling of Horizontally Loaded Monopile Foundation of Large Scale Offshore Wind Turbine in Non-homogeneity Clay

Offshore wind energy offers a huge potential for expansion of renewable energies in the world. As one foundations of offshore wind turbine, the monopile foundation has been the standard installation program of offshore wind turbine. To evaluate the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of monopile foundation in non-homogeneity clay, the behavior of large-diameter monopiles against horizontal loading induced by wind and wave loads including three conditions is analysed using a three-dimensional finite element model through second-phase development. It has been investigated that the relationship between horizontal ultimate bearing capacity and horizontal displacement or angle of rotation. The mechanics and stability of monopile foundation have been studied. According to define the horizontal stiffness and rotational stiffness, the mechanics and horizontal ultimate capacity of the monopile foundation are simple and clear to be expressed. Those will be supplied important theoretical laws and references for designer and constructors.