Hand-off management algorithms for urban and sub-urban environments under realistic vehicle mobility conditions

User speed estimation can be exploited to improve the teletraffic performance in a mobile radio environment with multi-tier coverage. Many algorithms exploit the dwell time estimation to classify the users´ speed and assign them to the right hierarchical layer. Most of them assume a constant user speed for the entire call. Thus, they loose their effectiveness in environments in which the mobile speed changes during the call. A new effective scheme for channel allocation and handoff management, based on the concept of bonus time, is proposed in this paper. Sophisticated simulative tools showed that the new scheme performs better, compared to the traditional ones, under a wide range of load distributions and vehicle traffic conditions both in urban and sub-urban environments