Direct-write printing of multilayered appliqué antennas on high impedance surfaces

We present in this paper a number of powerful innovations we have recently developed for the printing of applique antennas, HISs, and similar devices. These innovations pertain specifically to very low temperature direct-write printing and include (1) the capability for printing highly conductive metal directly onto microwave laminate without damage to the laminate, and (2) printing multilayered structures composed of metal and low-loss dielectric layers. With these capabilities, for example, we have printed planar conductive antennas directly onto multilayered HISs, which themselves were printed directly onto standard microwave laminate.