Transition metal carbide field emitters for FEA devices and high current applications

We report use of transition metal carbides in FEAs and as single emitters for applications including video displays, microwave applications, high current-small spot sources for accelerators and FELs, and cold cathodes for operation in poor vacuum environments. One continued focus is the development of ZrC film coatings for Mo FEAs. Experiments were also conducted using monolithic Mo emitters to better study individual tip interactions. Turn-on voltage lowering by 45% and increased emission stability have been reported for film deposition on Mo FEAs.