Time domain integral equation methods for analyses of transient radiation and scattering problems

A stable solver of the time domain integral equation (TDIE) methods with quadratic B-spline temporal basis functions (TBFs) for analyses of transient radiation and scattering problems is proposed. This TBF permits consistent approximations of the induced currents and charges, leading to proper representations of the fields contributed by both the vector and scalar potentials. This TBF also has the least support width among all the polynomial basis functions of the same order, generating most possible sparse system matrices. Numerical examples show that the proposed scheme is stable and accurate.