A Study of Various Approaches and Tools on Ontology

The increasing volume and unstructured nature of data available on the World Wide Web (WWW) makes information retrieval a tedious and mechanical task. Lots of this information is not semantic driven, and hence not machine process able, but its only in human readable form. The WWW is designed to builds up a source of reference for web of meaning. Ontology information on different subjects spread globally is made available at one place. The Semantic Web (SW), moreover as an extension of WWW is designed to build as a foundation of vocabularies and effective communication of Semantics. The promising area of Semantic Web is logical and lexical semantics. Ontology plays a major role to represent information more meaningfully for humans and machines for its later effective retrieval. This paper constitutes the requisite with a unique approach for a representation and reasoning with ontology for semantic analysis of various type of document and also surveys multiple approaches for ontology learning that enables reasoning with uncertain, incomplete and contradictory information in a domain context.