Spatial modulation and space shift keying in single carrier communication

Spatial modulation (SM) and space shift keying (SSK) are relatively new modulation techniques which are attractive in multi-antenna communications. Single carrier (SC) systems can avoid the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) problem encountered in multicarrier systems. In this paper, we study SM and SSK signaling in cyclic-prefixed SC (CPSC) systems on MIMO-ISI channels. We present a diversity analysis of MIMO-CPSC systems under SSK and SM signaling. Our analysis shows that the diversity order achieved by (n_t, n_r) SSK scheme and (n_t, n_r, Θ_M) SM scheme in MIMO-CPSC systems under maximum-likelihood (ML) detection is n_r, where n_t, n_r denote the number of transmit and receive antennas and Θ_M denotes the modulation alphabet of size M. Bit error rate (BER) simulation results validate this predicted diversity order. Simulation results also show that MIMO-CPSC with SM and SSK achieves much better performance than MIMO-OFDM with SM and SSK.