Characteristics of Lane Changing Induced by Bus Stop and Deceleration Area

An extended optimal velocity traffic flow model on two lanes including a bus stop and a bus deceleration area is proposed. The fundamental diagram is classified into seven distinct traffic states with the variation of density. Two new traffic states are found. One of them shows that lane-changing occurs frequently whether in front of or behind the bus, the other shows the stop-and-go wave will appear simultaneously on both lanes. With increasing density, the lane changing region is alterable around the bus. All the characteristics can be concluded by the spatio-temporal patterns of different traffic states.