Distance protection using an artificial neural network

The artificial neural network (ANN) is a system composed of a large number of simple processing elements operating in parallel. Its ability to recognize learned patterns is determined by network structure, connection strengths and the computation performed at simple processing elements (neurons). This approach can be adapted to recognizing learned patterns of behavior in electric power systems where exact functional relationships are neither well defined nor easily computable. This paper is directed toward the application of artificial neural networks to distance protection under conditions of forward or reverse pre-fault loading, high or low source impedance and variable ground fault resistance