Design and evaluate an open-loop receiver on TWSTFT application

The two-way satellite time and frequency transfer (TWSTFT) was a technique with sub-ns precision of time comparison between long-baseline laboratories. The precision was limited by the diurnal effect. To mitigate the effect, we designed a TWSTFT receiver and evaluated it by measuring the time difference of arrival (TDOA) in this paper. We found the TDOA of the proposed receiver had less daily variation than that of conventional receivers. Therefore, it is possible that the receiver design would be an important source of the diurnal effect on TWSTFT.