Title :
The liquid helium system of ATLAS
Author :
Nixon, J.M. ; Bollinger, L.M.
Author_Institution :
Argonne Nat. Lab., IL, USA
Abstract :
Starting in 1978 with one small refrigerator and distribution line, the LHe system of ATLAS (Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System) has gradually grown into a complex network, as required by several enlargements of the superconducting linac. The cryogenic system now comprises three refrigerators, 11 helium compressors, ~340 ft of coaxial LHe transfer line, three 1000-l Dewars, and ~76 LHe valves that deliver steady-state flowing LHe to 16 beam-line cryostats. In normal operation, the refrigerators are linked to provide cooling where needed. LHe heat exchangers in distribution lines play an important role. Design features of the system, including the logic of the controls that permit the coupled refrigerators to operate stably in the presence of large and sudden changes in heat load, are discussed
Keywords :
cryogenics; cryostats; electrostatic accelerators; linear accelerators; ATLAS; Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System; Dewars; LHe system; LHe valves; beam-line cryostats; coaxial LHe transfer line; compressors; cooling; coupled refrigerators; cryogenic system; distribution line; heat exchangers; liquid He; superconducting linac; Coaxial components; Complex networks; Compressors; Cooling; Cryogenics; Helium; Linear particle accelerator; Refrigeration; Steady-state; Valves;
Conference_Titel :
Particle Accelerator Conference, 1989. Accelerator Science and Technology., Proceedings of the 1989 IEEE
Conference_Location :
Chicago, IL
DOI :
10.1109/PAC.1989.73185
