Time domain fault location on transmission lines using genetic algorithm

This paper presents a new method for determining the fault location on two-terminal transmission lines using genetic algorithm. Distributed time-domain model of the transmission line is used to derive the fault location equations; therefore, impact of shunt capacitance of the line is fully considered. Synchronous post-fault voltage and current measurements from both sides of the line and the line parameters are used as the initial data for this method, while no assumption on the source impedance and fault type is made. Using the modal transformation, the presented method is applicable to both transposed and un-transposed lines and is independent of the fault type. By the use of time-domain model, the algorithm does not require filtering high frequency components and DC offset since these components are taken into account in the model. Evaluation studies based on EMTP/ATP simulation data demonstrate that the accuracy of the proposed algorithm is very high in different fault locations and fault resistances.