Title :
Feedback Thermal Control for Real-time Systems
Author :
Fu, Yong ; Kottenstette, Nicholas ; Chen, Yingming ; Lu, Chenyang ; Koutsoukos, Xenofon D. ; Wang, Hongan
Author_Institution :
Dept. of CSE, Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO, USA
Abstract :
Thermal control is crucial to real-time systems as excessive processor temperature can cause system failure or unacceptable performance degradation due to hardware throttling. Real-time systems face significant challenges in thermal management as they must avoid processor overheating while still delivering desired real-time performance. Furthermore, many real-time systems must handle a broad range of uncertainties in system and environmental conditions. To address these challenges, this paper presents Thermal Control under Utilization Bound (TCUB), a novel thermal control algorithm specifically designed for real-time systems. TCUB employs a nested feedback loop that dynamically controls both processor temperature and CPU utilization through task rate adaptation. Rigorously modeled and designed based on control theory, TCUB can maintain both desired processor temperature and CPU utilization, thereby avoiding processor overheating and maintaining desired soft real-time performance. A salient feature of TCUB lies on its capability to handle a broad range of uncertainties in terms of processor power consumption, task execution times, ambient temperature, and unexpected thermal faults. The robustness of TCUB makes it particularly suitable for real-time embedded systems that must operate in highly unpredictable environments. The advantages of TCUB are demonstrated through extensive simulations under a broad range of system and environmental uncertainties.
Keywords :
embedded systems; feedback; temperature control; feedback thermal control; hardware throttling; processor power consumption; processor temperature; processor temperature control; real-time embedded systems; thermal control under utilization bound; thermal faults; thermal management; Algorithm design and analysis; Control systems; Feedback loop; Hardware; Process control; Real time systems; Temperature control; Thermal degradation; Thermal management; Uncertainty; anti-windup control; real-time systems; thermal control; utilization control;
Conference_Titel :
Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS), 2010 16th IEEE
Conference_Location :
Stockholm
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4244-6690-0
Electronic_ISBN :
1080-1812
DOI :
10.1109/RTAS.2010.9