Decision support modeling for net-zero water buildings

Net-zero buildings emphasize balance between the consumption and production of resources, resulting in structures that are not only more efficient, but potentially restorative. While historically applied to energy use, the net-zero framework is also relevant to water management. Both the building energy and water sectors consist of demand loads that must be met by available sources. Variations in load design, source allocation, and human interaction result in numerous arrangements that require evaluation to meet efficiency goals. Decision support systems aimed at building energy are abundant, whereas building water tools are limited. The dynamic nature of the building water cycle necessitates flexible modeling tools that can predict and assess future water consumption and production trends at varying resolutions and under fluctuating conditions. This paper presents opportunities for simulation modeling to support net-zero water achievement and introduces an integrated building water management (IBWM) model for on-site water balance decision support.