A Review of multi physics in machine design

The electromagnetic design of modern electrical machines nowadays requires more particular attention with respect to various parasitic effects or specifications which have to be fulfilled from the drive system. As in the past the electrical machine was considered as a component of a drive train, today´s ideas concern an entire system including the individual properties and operation of the components. This inherently means that the development of a drive train clearly means to solve a multidisciplinary task on the system level. A modern drive system consists of the electrical motor, the power electronic converter and the associated controls. Therefore, the multiphysical system for an electrical drive train can be regarded as electromechanical, electric- and control-circuit coupling (Fig. 1).