A novel vehicle-to-grid technology with constraint analysis-a review

This paper presents a detailed review of a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, and analyzes its impacts on power distribution networks. It is shown in this study that a vehicle, equipped with the ability of a V2G application, offers various features such as regulation of active power, support for reactive power, load balancing, current harmonics filtering etc. These features can enable ancillary services including, spinning reserve and control of voltage and frequency. However, the technology of V2G also creates challenging issues, for instance, degradation of batteries, communication overhead between an EV and a grid, changes in whole infrastructure of a distribution network (DN). This paper shows the present scenarios and analyze the impact of implementation V2G & G2V modes on DNs. V2G system have an impact on major factors of electric grid like reliability, efficiency, losses, and system stability. Our study also shows that the economic benefits of a V2G technology heavily depend on the strategies of charging and vehicle aggregation.