Two dimensional curved surface distributed configuration of array antenna for CDMA base stations

The adaptive array antenna is one of the attractive technologies for cellular mobile communication systems for increase of capacity. For CDMA cellular base stations, we have designed a distributed configuration of an array antenna, which makes it possible to create appropriate sector beams and user dedicated beams. This configuration has a capacity to accept a flexible number or arrangement of array antenna elements. The structure was designed for a tower-top type, which includes its transceiver at the backside of its elements, and the structure has been extended into a two-dimensional curved surface. We have built a trial production of this distributed array antenna with our original continuous auto-calibration circuits, which had experimentally performed with less than 0.1 dB and 1 degree accuracy. The distributed array antenna has been experimentally confirmed and performed with less than 2 dB ripple and 11.3 degree roll-off (between -3 dB point and -20 dB point) for sector wide beams and 12.7 degree beam width (-3 dB) for user dedicated narrow beams.