Rain attenuation time series generator for medium Earth orbit links operating at Ka band and above

In this paper a synthesizer is presented for generating rain attenuation time series for Earth-MEO links operating at frequencies at and above Ka band. In the search of additional spectrum, Earth-space links resort to high frequency bands at 20 GHz or higher, where rain attenuation is a serious consideration along with adaptive mitigation techniques to mitigate it. Therefore, generation of time series of rain attenuation is of great significance in the design of adaptive control loop. In this contribution, a methodology based on Stochastic Differential Equations (SDEs) is presented for generating time series of rain attenuation for time-dependent elevation angles of the link, such as an Earth-MEO link. Furthermore, a step-by-step algorithm is given to aid the user of the model to easily generate these time series. In the numerical results section, both the autocorrelation function (second order statistics) of rain attenuation is investigated for various parameters of the link, i.e. elevation angle, frequency, and climatic parameters and moreover the synthesizer is validated by comparing the exceedance probability (first order statistics) of rain attenuation obtained from the synthesizer to the theoretical one.