MAC Protocol for Energy Efficient Forwarding Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we develop an Energy Efficient distributed power control algorithm. To establish an effective transmission power control mechanism, the dynamics between link qualities and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) values are studied. Based on Link qualities and RSSI, we determine the proper initial transmission power for each neighboring node. In the energy efficient forwarding scheme, the data forwarding probability is adaptively adjusted based on the measured loss conditions at the sink In order to minimize energy consumption, we propose an Enhanced Energy Efficient MAC protocol which enables all nodes on the path to stay active and/or increase their duty cycles and all other nearby nodes to sleep in order to enable continuous data forwarding without incurring energy waste of unrelated nodes.