Experimental research on the invalidation modes of anchors in loess under the action of water seepage

The paper studies the failure process on anchors in loess with water seepage through an indoor model test. In the paper, we have first of all introduced our design and test process, with the focus of our study laid on the strain figure of the end of anchorage segment, slip surface and slope for the same row anchors. The author has also made a discussion in detail on four kinds of likely failure modes and their causes on anchors in loess: the destruction in the interface for grouting and soil mass, the destruction of soil mass, grouting fracture and crushing, bonded damage in the interface for grouting and bolting. Here we have put forward a view for the successive destruction on anchors in loess with water seepage, saying that the primary failure is likely to take place just over a hill, followed by the foot of the slope, and finally by the central slope. It is very necessary for effectively fixing the common invalidation types, further raising the design and construction level of loess anchorage engineering.