SADAP: a simulator for hierarchical fuzzy control of depth of anaesthesia

SADAP has been developed to simulate the administration of intravenous and analgesic drugs. It merges on-line measurements (such as systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and heart rate (HR)) and non-numerical clinical signs (such as sweating, lacrimation and pupil response) using anaesthetists´ experience or self-organizing fuzzy logic control (SOFLC) algorithms to administer drugs into a patient. The hierarchical control architecture includes five parts which are: inferring DOA, drug controller, deciding the sensitivity of patient, fentanyl supplementation, and recovery time. It has been developed to predict drug profiles, control the drug levels, and assess recovery time during anaesthesia. Linguistic rules and fuzzy set theory have been used to model a patient during induction and maintenance stages. Successful results have given confidence to perform on-line clinical trials in operating theatre. In parallel research, the same generic architecture has been successfully demonstrated for inhalational anaesthesia using the gaseous drug isoflurane