Sensitivity analysis to power waveform of GNSS-R

Remote sensing using global navigation satellite system reflection signals (GNSS-R) is a new active microwave remote sensing technology. The sensitivity of power waveform to ocean surface wind speed and direction is researched at aircraft altitude in this papar, which bases on numerical simulations of GNSS-R waveform. The results show the peak and slope of waveform is sensitive to the wind speed and direction for weak winds at low GPS elevation, which is not only sensitive to the wind speed and direction for weak winds, but also to the wind speed for strong winds at high GPS elevation. At the nadir looking, the peak and slope of waveform is sensitive to the wind speed for weak and strong winds, but is not sensitive to the wind direction. The research results will be referenced when improving the ocean surface wind retrieval accuracy from aircraft data.