Series Transmission Line Network Representation of Planar Left-handed Materials

Recent demonstrations of two dimensional planar Left-handed Materials (LHM) using periodically inductor-capacitor (L-C) loaded transmission Lines, presented by G V. Eleftheriades, Ashwin K. Iyer, and Peter C. Kremer, consist of series impedance Z constituted by capacitors CL and shunt admittance Y constituted by inductors LL (usually formed by vias). In this paper, we propose an alternative representation of planar TL LHM, called series TL LHM. It consists of only series capacitances, series inductors, and no shunt inductors or vias, so it can be more compact and planar, hence easily fabricated. Circuit analysis and full-wave field simulations illustrating its unusual properties, such as the negative refraction and phase compensation of propagating waves, the growth of evanescent waves, are also presented.