An overview of spin-based integrated circuits

Conventional CMOS integrated circuits suffer from serve power and scalability challenges as technology node scales into ultra-deep-micron technology nodes. Alternative approaches beyond charge-only based circuits. In particular, spin-based devices or integrated circuits show promising merits to overcome these issues by adding the spin freedom of electrons to the electronic circuits. Spintronics has now become a hot topic in both academics and industrials. This paper overviews the status and prospects of spin-based integrated circuits under intense investigation and address particularly their merits and challenges for practical applications.