A Watermarking Algorithm for Three Dimensional Models Using Discrete Wavelet Transform

Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is the most widely used in signal analysis due to its fast, simple, memory efficient characteristics. On the other hand, due to the fast development of the digital media information processing technology, three dimensional models (3DM) are more and more utilized in medical, industrial and entertainment fields. In contrast, 3DMs are also easy to be transmitted and duplicated unauthorized to become a serious problem. The main goal of this paper utilizes DWT to configure a blind 3DMs watermarking algorithm with high robustness against cropping attack. The proposed 3DMs watermarking algorithm is synthesized by combing the normalization scheme, vertices clustering scheme, and DWT. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is high performance, and has the following advantages: (i) the watermarked 3D model possesses excellent imperceptibility without noticeable degradation, (ii) the security is strong enough, due to the watermark is embedded in DWT domain, (iii) the robustness against affine transformations is 100 %, and the robustness withstanding the cropping and smoothing attacks is also high.