A 2×2 lens-integrated on-chip antenna system for a 820 GHz multiplier-chain source in SiGe technology

This paper reports on the design of a compact wire ring on-chip antenna system for a spatial power combining single-chip transmitter at 820 GHz implemented in 0.25μm SiGe HBT technology. The array with a 2×2 arrangement illuminating a hyper-hemispherical silicon lens through the chip backside is driven by 4 parallel on-chip multiplier chains and is capable of delivering a single Gaussian-like beam without any external phase/amplitude tapering applied externally to the antenna inputs. When assembled with a 4-mm diameter lens without matching cap, the source delivers around 1.9 μW output power and shows a directivity of 26 dBi. The operation bandwidth is around 800-840 GHz.