Electromagnetic transient analysis of uniform lossy transmission lines based on the pade approximations of line´s characteristics

In this paper, the lossy transmission line is represented as a two port network which consists of characteristic impedances or admittances and waveform generators. Equivalent circuits are synthesized for characteristic impedances and the exponential propagation function by making use of the Pade approximations; on using a network of lumped elements and ideal transmission line to approximate the time response of each lossy transmission line, or each lossy multiconductor lines. The approximated circuit models are suitable for existing general purpose circuit simulators as SPICE or PSPICE.