Contribution to EMC study of small wind turbines on top of BTS in radio mobile networks

Base transceiver stations (BTS) combining hybrid energy, i.e. solar panels, fuel generators and small wind turbines (SWT), have been deployed in many regions of the world in recent years. Similarly to the radio impact of big WTs (alone or in wind farms) on the operations of radars, televisions, GPS, etc., questions have been raised about possible drawbacks due to close proximity between SWT and BTS. In the context of the OPERA-Net2 European project, which aims to optimize power efficiency in radio mobile communications, SWT/BTS radio interactions are studied. Because the shapes of SWTs are much more diverse than those of big WTs, a representative SWT model (RSWT) was first designed. Its dimensions can be scaled with nominal power and it is fully metallic to correspond to the worst radio case. The electromagnetic impact of the RSWT is then analyzed based on Radar Cross Section (RCS), Doppler shift, and near-field coupling with BTS panel antennas. To figure in the diversity of SWTs, the 3.5 kW Nheowind-100 realistic model (Nheolis Company) is also considered. Comparison with the RSWT model demonstrates the representative nature of the latter.