Propagation aspects for smart antennas in wireless systems

Summary form only given. We discuss the propagation issues for smart antennas in wireless systems. We first describe standard cellular antennas, smart antennas using fixed beams, and adaptive arrays for base stations, as well as terminal antennas. We then show the potential improvement that these antennas can provide, including range extension, multipath diversity, interference suppression, and capacity increase. The use of these antennas in second generation wireless systems, and their potential use in third and fourth generation wireless systems are described. This includes discussing how M antennas at both the base station and terminal can provide an M-fold increase in capacity, providing multi-Mbps data rates to mobile users.