Mobile cellular/GPS/satellite antennas with both single-band and dual-band feed points

In June 1996 the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) adopted the Enhanced 911 (E911) Report for wireless service providers. As of October 1/sup st/, 2001, cellular carriers should be capable of providing the location of emergency 911 cellular calls by longitude and latitude within a radius of no more than 125 meters using GPS. In this research, dual-band antennas have been developed for mobile cellular/GPS/satellite phones, where the antenna is mounted on the roof of a vehicle. In some cases, the antenna is required to have only one feed point for both cellular and GPS/satellite frequency bands where a duplexer is used to separate between them. In other cases, the antenna is required to have two separate feed points for cellular and GPS/satellite frequency bands. In this project, a dual-band antenna, which simultaneously provides both options, has been developed for mobile cellular/GPS phones. The same concept was then applied to mobile cellular/satellite phones.