Environmental benefits through new distributed on site control actions inside European apartments

Energy management control actions inside apartments and detached houses have to be carried out in order to reduce CO₂ emissions. In this work, new control actions turned to the reduction of both electrical energy losses and electrical energy consumptions inside typical European (Italian, French, German and United Kingdom) apartments are proposed. These actions are of the ldquoLoad Shiftingrdquo type, that makes the apartment daily load profile as flat as possible, and of the ldquoDistributed on Site (DoS)rdquo type consisting in heating the water needed by dishwashers and washing machines inside instantaneous gas water heaters (IGWHs) instead of inside the household appliances themselves. The work points out that, in order to significantly reduce CO₂ emissions, the former are not very performing whereas the latter present benefits except that in French apartments.