Particle Swarm Optimization with Constriction Factor Approach based synthesis of Concentric Circular Antenna Array for broadside radiation

In many applications it is desirable to have the maximum radiation of an array directed normal to the axis of the array. In this paper, the broadside radiation patterns of three-ring Concentric Circular Antenna Arrays (CCAA) with central element feeding are reported. For each optimal synthesis, optimal current excitation weights and optimal radii of the rings are determined having the objective of maximum Sidelobe Level (SLL) reduction. The optimization technique adopted is Particle Swarm Optimization with Constriction Factor Approach (PSOCFA). The extensive computational results show that the particular CCAA containing 4, 6 and 8 number of elements in three successive rings along with central element feeding yields grand minimum SLL (-53.18 dB).